What is the normal specific gravity range for urine?

• A. About 1.010 to 1.030
• B. About 1.000 to 1.020
• C. About 1.005 to 1.030
• D. About 1.020 to 1.040

Answer: (C)

Urine specific gravity shows how concentrated the urine is, which reflects hydration status and the kidney’s ability to concentrate urine. The normal range is about 1.005 to 1.030. The lower end around 1.005 occurs when the urine is dilute, such as with good hydration or diuretic use; the upper end around 1.030 happens when the urine is more concentrated, as with dehydration or limited fluid intake. Values below this range suggest overhydration or very dilute urine, while values above suggest concentration from dehydration or higher solute load. This range, 1.005 to 1.030, best covers the typical normal variations seen in healthy individuals.